Criminal Justice Ethics Theory and Practice 4th Edition Banks Test Bank

Table of Content:

Preface

Acknowledgments

About the Author

PART I: THE INTERACTION BETWEEN ETHICS AND THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM

Chapter 1: The Importance of Ethics in Criminal Justice

The Meaning of Ethics

The Value of Ethics

Normative Ethics

Ethical Relativism

Cultural Relativism

Ethical Absolutism

Ethical Pluralism

Religion and Ethical Standards

Ethics and Natural Law

Ethics and Law

Ethical Dilemmas

Ethical Issues in Criminal Justice

Chapter 2: Police Ethics: The Nature of Policing and Police Corruption

Ethics and Policing

The Nature of Policing

Police as an Institution

Police Culture

Police Discretion

Ethics and Codes of Ethics

Policing and Stress

Police “Militarization�

Police Corruption

Discrimination as a Corrupt Practice in Policing: Racial Bias, Racial Profiling, and Selective Law Enforcement

Chapter 3: Police Ethics: Use of Force, Investigations, Interrogations, and Lying

Police Use of Force

Policing, Mental Illness, and Crisis Intervention Teams (CITs)

Ethical Issues in Investigation, Interrogation, and Custody

Chapter 4: Racial Discrimination in the Criminal Justice System

Ethical Background

Historical Context

Is There Racial Discrimination in the Criminal Justice System?

Imprisonment Disparities

Hate Crimes

Explanations for Racial Discrimination in the Criminal Justice System

Chapter 5: Judges, Lawyers, and Ethics

Legal Ethics: Historical Context

The Nature of Professional Ethics

Defense Lawyers

The Prosecutor

Judicial Ethics

Chapter 6: The Purpose of Criminal Punishment

What Is Punishment?

Theoretical Approaches to Punishment

Why Punish? The Philosophical Approach

Restorative Justice

Why Punish? The Sociological Approach

Chapter 7: Ethics in Corrections: The Nature of Corrections

The Prison Explosion

Maximum Security

Medium Security and Minimum Security

Stateville Prison: The Changing State of Corrections

Corrections Subculture

Power and Authority in Prison: Controlling the Inmates

Private Prisons

Disenfranchising Inmates

Treating Opioid Abuse in Correctional Institutions

Chapter 8: Ethics in Corrections: Guarding Ethically

The Experience of Guarding

Guarding Ethically

Guarding With Discretion

Unethical Situations

Rape in Prison

Corruption

Oversight of Prisons

Ethical Issues in Probation and Parole

Chapter 9: The Ethics of Criminal Justice Policy Making

The Ethics of Policy Making

Morality Policy

Penal Policies

Public Opinion About Punishment Policies

Mandatory Minimum Sentencing

The War on Drugs

Truth in Sentencing

Predators and Superpredators

Capital Punishment

The “Criminalization� of Immigration

Chapter 10: Ethics and the “War on Terrorism�

Defining Terrorism

Warfare or Crime Control?

Other Responses to Terrorism

The Morality of Targeted Killing

Chapter 11: Media Ethics and Criminal Justice

Media Constructions of Crime

Reporting the Truth

Avoiding Bias

Avoiding Harm

Serving the Public

Maintaining Trust

Manipulation

PART II: THE APPLICATION OF ETHICAL THEORIES TO THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM

Chapter 12: Duty and Principle

Hypothetical and Categorical Imperatives

Conflicting Duties

Applying Deontological Theory

Chapter 13: Considering the Consequences

Pleasure and Happiness

Act Consequentialism

Rule Consequentialism

Public Policy and Utilitarianism

Arguments Criticizing Utilitarianism

Applying Utilitarian Theory

Chapter 14: The Importance of Character

Virtues

Aristotle and Happiness

The Golden Mean

Practical Wisdom

What’s Wrong With Virtue?

Applying Virtue Theory

Chapter 15: Egoism, Pleasure, and Indifference

Stoicism

Hedonism

Ethical Egoism

Applying the Theory of Ethical Egoism

Chapter 16: A Sense of Justice

Application of the Principles

Justice as Fairness

Moral Development

Applying Rawlsian Theory

Chapter 17: Caring for Others

Kohlberg and Gilligan

A Theory of Moral Development

“In a Different Voice�: Carol Gilligan

Gender and the Ethic of Care

The Ethic of Care and Justice

Peacemaking

Applying the Ethic of Care

References

Index