Lets Communicate An Illustrated Guide to Human Communication 1st Edition Fraleigh Test Bank

Reading from a Manuscript 

Memorizing from a Manuscript 

Extemporaneous: Speaking from an Outline 

Impromptu: Speaking without Preparation 

Using Vocal Delivery Skills 

Volume 

Tone 

Rate of Delivery 

Projection 

Articulation 

Pronunciation 

Pausing 

Using Nonverbal Delivery Skills 

Eye Contact 

Gestures 

Physical Movement 

Proxemics 

Personal Appearance 

Presentation Aids 

Using Presentation Aids in Your Speech 

Presentation Aids Can Make Your Speech More Interesting 

Presentation Aids Can Simplify a Complex Topic 

Presentation Aids Can Help Your Audience Remember Your Speech 

Guidelines for Developing Presentation Aids 

Consider the Forum 

Consider Your Audience 

Make Sure Your Aids Support Your Points 

Keep Your Aids Simple and Clear 

Use Technology Wisely 

Rehearse with Your Presentation Aids 

Using Presentation Aids During Your Speech 

Make Sure Everyone Can See and Hear Your Aids 

Control Audience Interaction with Your Aids 

Remember the Purpose of Your Aids 

Chapter Review
 

16  INFORMATIVE SPEAKING
Techniques for Informing                                                                                                       Definition 

Explanation 

Description 

Demonstration 

Narrative 

Types of Informative Speeches 

Objects 

Individuals or Groups 

Events 

Processes 

Ideas 

Developing Your Informative Speech 

Analyzing Your Audience 

Selecting a Technique 

Focusing on Your Goal to Inform 

Clarifying and Simplifying Your Message 

Move from General to Specific 

Reduce the Quantity of Information You Present 

Make Complex Information Seem Familiar 

Use Presentation Aids 

Reiterate Your Message 

Repeat Your Message 

Chapter Review
 

17   PERSUASIVE SPEAKING
The Nature of a Persuasive Speech 

Persuasive Speeches Attempt to Influence Audience Members 

Strengthen Audience Commitment 

Weaken Audience Commitment 

Promote Audience Action 

Persuasive Speeches Advocate Fact, Value, or Policy Claims 

Tailoring Your Persuasive Message to the Audience 

Adapting to Audience Disposition 

Appealing to Your Audience’s Needs 

Connecting to Your Listener’s Values 

Demonstrating How Your Audience Benefits 

Acknowledging Listeners’ Reservations 

Building Blocks of Persuasion 

Ethos: Your Credibility as a Speaker 

Understanding the Elements of Credibility 

Building Your Credibility 

Avoiding Loss of Your Credibility 

Logos: The Evidence and Reasoning Behind Your Message 

Using Evidence 

Using Reasoning 

Example Reasoning 

Comparison Reasoning 

Sign Reasoning 

Causal Reasoning 

Avoiding Logical Fallacies 

Hasty Generalization 

Causal Reasoning Errors 

Ad Populum Fallacy 

Straw Person Fallacy 

Slippery Slope Fallacy 

Pathos: Evoking Your Listener’s Emotions 

Using Emotional Appeals 

Ensuring Ethical Use of Pathos 

Organizing Your Persuasive Speech 

Criteria-Application Pattern 

Categorical Pattern 

Moore’s Motivated Sequence 

Problem-Cause-Solution Pattern 

Chapter Review